@font-face{font-family:Manrope;src:url('/fonts/manrope-variable.ttf') format('truetype');font-style:normal;font-weight:200 800;font-display:swap}
@font-face{font-family:'Space Grotesk';src:url('/fonts/spacegrotesk-variable.ttf') format('truetype');font-style:normal;font-weight:300 700;font-display:swap}
:root{--paper:#f7f7f2;--ink:#191b19;--muted:#64665e;--line:#d7d8cf;--orange:#e13d14;--lime:#ff8056;--blue:#ad2d0e;--display:'Space Grotesk',Arial,sans-serif;--serif:'Space Grotesk',Arial,sans-serif}
body{font-family:Manrope,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:15px}.serif{font-style:normal}.accent{color:var(--orange)}a:focus-visible,button:focus-visible,input:focus-visible,[tabindex]:focus-visible{outline-color:var(--orange)}.orange-dot{display:inline-block;width:7px;height:7px;border-radius:50%;background:#f45124;flex-shrink:0}.section-kicker{font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;font-weight:700;line-height:1.6;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px}.topline{padding:9px 4.2%;min-height:34px;color:#d0d1c9;font-size:9px;letter-spacing:1.4px}.topline>span{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:9px}.topline>a{font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.1px}.site-header{max-width:1600px;padding:23px 4.2%;gap:30px}.brand{font-family:var(--display);font-size:26px;letter-spacing:-1.5px;line-height:1}.brand-mark{font-family:var(--display);background:transparent;color:var(--orange);border-radius:0;font-size:39px;margin-right:9px;width:auto;height:auto;padding:0;line-height:25px;letter-spacing:0}.brand-dot{color:var(--orange)}.site-header nav{font-size:12px;font-weight:600;gap:28px}.site-header nav a{position:relative;padding:4px 0}.site-header nav a[aria-current]{text-decoration:none}.site-header nav a[aria-current]::after{content:'';position:absolute;left:0;right:0;bottom:-9px;height:2px;background:var(--orange)}.search-link{font-size:11px;padding:7px 0 7px 27px}main{max-width:1600px;padding:0 4.2%}.button{border-radius:0;padding:15px 22px;font-size:12px;gap:32px;min-height:48px;transition:background .18s,color .18s}.button.light{background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink)}.button:hover{background:var(--orange);color:white}.button span{font-size:19px}.pill{border-radius:0;background:var(--orange);color:#fff;font-size:9px;letter-spacing:1.2px;padding:6px 10px}.round-arrow{width:49px;height:49px;border:1px solid #ffffff66;border-radius:50%;display:grid;place-items:center;font-size:25px;flex-shrink:0;transition:background .2s,border-color .2s}
/* The masthead is typography, not a background image. */
.masthead{padding:28px 0 0}.masthead-top,.masthead-bottom{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;font-size:9px;letter-spacing:1.3px}.masthead-top{color:var(--muted)}.masthead-wordmark{font-family:var(--display);font-size:clamp(60px,10.55vw,164px);font-weight:700;line-height:1.16;letter-spacing:-.075em;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;margin:2px -5px 10px;white-space:nowrap}.masthead-star{color:var(--orange);font-size:.84em;line-height:1;align-self:center;margin:0 .08em;letter-spacing:-.08em}.masthead-bottom{border-top:1px solid var(--ink);padding:12px 0;margin-bottom:22px}.masthead-bottom>a{font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.2px}.cover-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,2.12fr) minmax(0,1fr);gap:30px}.cover-story{position:relative;display:block;min-height:530px;overflow:hidden;background:#191a19;color:#fff;isolation:isolate}.cover-story:hover{text-decoration:none}.cover-art{position:absolute!important;inset:0;height:100%!important}.cover-art img{height:100%;width:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:center}.cover-story::after{content:'';position:absolute;inset:0;background:linear-gradient(0deg,#0d0f0ff2 0%,#0d0f0f88 35%,#0d0f0f00 70%),linear-gradient(90deg,#0d0f0f99 0%,transparent 65%);z-index:0;pointer-events:none}.cover-label{position:absolute;top:23px;left:25px;right:25px;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:20px;z-index:1}.cover-label>span:last-child{font-size:9px;letter-spacing:1.6px;color:#dddcd5}.cover-copy{position:absolute;bottom:28px;left:30px;right:30px;z-index:1}.cover-kicker{font-size:9px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:1.8px;color:#dddcd5;margin-bottom:13px}.cover-copy h1{font-family:var(--display);font-size:clamp(36px,3.7vw,59px);font-weight:500;line-height:1.02;letter-spacing:-2.3px;margin:0 0 20px;max-width:650px}.cover-copy h1>span{color:#ff815d}.cover-summary{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:end;gap:20px}.cover-summary>p{font-size:12px;line-height:1.8;color:#d7d8cf;margin:0}.cover-story:hover .round-arrow{background:var(--orange);border-color:var(--orange)}.editors-desk{padding-left:2px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;min-width:0}.desk-heading{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;border-bottom:1px solid var(--ink);padding:3px 0 13px}.editors-desk>h2{font-family:var(--display);font-size:36px;line-height:1.06;letter-spacing:-1.8px;font-weight:500;margin:22px 0 10px}.desk-story{display:flex;gap:16px;padding:20px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.desk-number{font-family:var(--display);font-size:22px;color:#96988b;line-height:1.3;letter-spacing:-1px}.desk-story>div{min-width:0;flex:1}.desk-story .eyebrow{font-size:8px;color:var(--orange);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:1px}.desk-story h3{font-family:var(--display);font-size:18px;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:-.5px;line-height:1.25;margin:5px 0 11px}.desk-story:hover{text-decoration:none}.desk-story:hover h3{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:4px}.desk-time{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;font-size:8px;letter-spacing:.7px;color:var(--muted)}.desk-time>span{font-size:17px;color:var(--ink);line-height:1}.desk-link{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;font-size:11px;font-weight:700;padding:18px 0 0;margin-top:auto}.desk-link>span{font-size:18px}.topic-strip{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;border-top:1px solid var(--ink);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:20px 0;margin-top:28px;font-size:11px}.topic-strip-label{font-size:9px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:1.2px;color:var(--orange)}.topic-strip>a{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:28px}.topic-strip>a>span{color:#73766a;font-size:16px}
/* Story index */
.journal-section{padding:70px 0}.section-heading{gap:30px;margin-bottom:30px}.section-heading h2{font-family:var(--display);font-size:47px;letter-spacing:-2px;line-height:1.05;font-weight:500;margin:17px 0 0}.section-description{font-size:12px;line-height:1.9;color:var(--muted);margin:0 0 3px}.filter-row{gap:5px;border-bottom-color:var(--ink);margin-bottom:30px;padding-bottom:17px}.filter{padding:10px 16px;border:0;border-radius:0;font-size:11px;font-weight:600}.filter.active{background:var(--ink);color:#fff}.filter.active>span{color:#ff9b7c}.filter>span{font-size:8px;margin-left:6px}.filter:hover{background:#e5e5dc;color:var(--ink)}.filter.active:hover{background:var(--ink);color:white}.filter-search{font-size:11px;display:flex;gap:20px;align-items:center}.filter-search>span{font-size:18px}.article-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:45px 30px}.card-art-link{border-radius:0}.art{height:310px;background:#dddcd5;background-image:none}.art>img{display:block;width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;transition:transform .5s cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.3,1)}.card-art-link:hover .art>img{transform:scale(1.04)}.art-orbit>img{object-position:50% 44%}.card-meta{margin:19px 0 11px;font-size:9px;letter-spacing:1px}.card-meta>span:first-child{color:var(--orange);font-weight:800}.card-meta>span:last-child{font-size:9px}.article-card h3{font-family:var(--display);font-size:28px;line-height:1.13;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:-1px;margin:0 0 13px;max-width:540px}.article-card>p{font-size:12px;line-height:1.9;max-width:530px;margin:0 0 22px}.card-bottom{padding-top:14px;font-size:10px}.card-bottom>a{font-weight:700}.card-bottom>a>span{margin-left:18px}
/* Workbench and editorial statement */
.workbench-feature{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;background:var(--ink);color:white}.workbench-visual{position:relative;min-height:480px;background:#ef4d20;overflow:hidden;isolation:isolate}.workbench-grid{position:absolute;inset:0;background-image:linear-gradient(#7b271a26 1px,transparent 1px),linear-gradient(90deg,#7b271a26 1px,transparent 1px);background-size:38px 38px;transform:scale(1.3) rotate(-12deg)}.workbench-coordinate{position:absolute;top:25px;left:28px;font-size:9px;letter-spacing:1.4px;color:#39180f}.workbench-glyph{position:absolute;left:50%;top:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-12deg);display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:12px}.workbench-glyph>span{display:grid;place-items:center;width:100px;height:100px;background:#191b19;color:#fb8e69;font-size:70px;font-family:var(--display);line-height:1;box-shadow:8px 10px 0 #81290f60}.workbench-glyph>span:last-child{background:#f7f7f2;color:#191b19}.workbench-caption{position:absolute;bottom:25px;left:28px;font-size:9px;letter-spacing:1.3px;color:#39180f}.workbench-copy{padding:45px 12%;align-self:center}.workbench-copy>.section-kicker{color:#b1b3a8;font-size:9px}.workbench-copy h2{font-family:var(--display);font-size:52px;line-height:1.03;letter-spacing:-2.5px;font-weight:500;margin:20px 0}.outline-word{color:#ff9776}.workbench-copy p{font-size:12px;line-height:1.9;color:#c1c4b8;margin:0 0 25px}.privacy-note{display:block;margin-top:20px;font-size:7px;letter-spacing:1px;color:#b1b3a8}.editorial-note{text-align:left;padding:75px 0 80px}.editorial-note>.section-kicker{padding-bottom:25px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--ink);font-size:9px}.editorial-statement{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.7fr 1fr;gap:70px;align-items:center;padding-top:30px}.editorial-statement>p{font-family:var(--display);font-size:48px;line-height:1.1;letter-spacing:-2px;margin:0}.editorial-statement>p>span{color:var(--orange)}.editorial-statement>div{max-width:285px}.statement-symbol{font-size:65px;color:var(--orange);line-height:1}.editorial-statement>div>p{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:0;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.9;margin:15px 0}.editorial-statement a{font-size:11px;font-weight:700;border-bottom:1px solid var(--ink);padding-bottom:7px;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px}
footer{background:#191b19;color:#f7f7f2;padding:48px 4.2% 22px}.footer-top{max-width:1465px;gap:50px}.footer-brand{font-family:var(--display);font-size:35px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:-1.6px}.footer-top p{font-size:12px;line-height:1.9;color:#b1b3a8;margin-top:17px}.footer-top .eyebrow{color:#b1b3a8;font-size:9px;margin:8px 0 18px}.footer-top>div>a:not(.footer-brand){font-size:12px;margin:9px 0}.footer-bottom{max-width:1465px;margin:40px auto 0;padding-top:20px;border-top-color:#ffffff33;font-size:9px;color:#b1b3a8}
/* Article reading and tools share the same typography. */
.page-intro{padding:65px 0 40px;max-width:950px}.page-intro>.eyebrow,.article-heading>.eyebrow{color:var(--orange)}.page-intro h1{font-family:var(--display);font-size:clamp(42px,5.2vw,76px);line-height:1.04;letter-spacing:-3px;font-weight:500;margin:24px 0}.page-intro>p{max-width:650px;font-size:16px;line-height:1.8}.listing{padding-top:10px}.article-heading{max-width:900px}.article-heading h1{font-family:var(--display);font-size:clamp(38px,4.4vw,65px);line-height:1.04;letter-spacing:-2.7px}.back-link{font-size:11px;color:var(--muted)}.dek{line-height:1.8;max-width:780px}.article-byline{border-top-color:var(--ink);font-size:10px}.article-layout{grid-template-columns:210px minmax(0,720px);gap:65px}.toc{border-top:2px solid var(--orange);padding-top:17px}.toc>.eyebrow{font-size:9px;color:var(--muted)}.toc a{font-size:11px;line-height:1.6}.toc a.toc-calculator{color:var(--orange);font-weight:700}.article-body{line-height:1.95}.article-body h2{font-family:var(--display);font-size:30px;line-height:1.2;letter-spacing:-.9px}.article-body a{color:#a62d0f}th{background:#eaeae2}th,td{padding:15px}.related{border-top-color:var(--ink)}.related .article-grid{max-width:1050px}.narrow,.info-body{max-width:800px}.info-body{margin-bottom:75px}.search-box input{border-radius:0;padding:15px;font-size:14px}.cost-form{border-radius:0;background:#fffefa;min-width:0}.form-heading{flex-wrap:wrap}.form-heading h2{font-family:var(--display);font-size:28px;letter-spacing:-.8px}.form-heading .pill{font-size:8px;background:#ecece3;color:var(--ink)}.form-help{font-size:11px;line-height:1.9}.cost-form input{border-radius:0;background:var(--paper);padding:12px}.scenario-dot.a{background:var(--orange)}.scenario-dot.b{background:#777c6f}.cost-result{border-radius:0;border-top:4px solid var(--orange);min-width:0}.cost-result>.eyebrow{font-size:9px;color:#ff9b7c}.cost-result h2{font-family:var(--display);font-style:normal;font-size:36px;line-height:1.1;letter-spacing:-1.2px}.result-row output{font-family:var(--display);font-size:40px;letter-spacing:-1.4px}#cost-difference{color:#ffab90;font-size:12px;line-height:1.8}.result-details p{color:#c1c4b8;line-height:1.9}.noscript{background:#eaeae2}
@media(min-width:1600px){.site-header,main{padding-left:67px;padding-right:67px}.masthead-wordmark{font-size:164px}.cover-copy h1{font-size:59px}}
@media(max-width:1100px){.site-header nav{gap:18px;font-size:11px}.brand{font-size:23px}.cover-grid{gap:24px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.8fr) minmax(0,1fr)}.cover-story{min-height:510px}.cover-copy{left:24px;right:24px}.cover-copy h1{font-size:43px}.editors-desk>h2{font-size:31px}.desk-story{padding:18px 0;gap:10px}.desk-story h3{font-size:17px}.topic-strip{gap:12px}.topic-strip>a{gap:10px;font-size:10px}.section-heading h2{font-size:43px}.art{height:270px}.workbench-copy{padding:38px 10%}.workbench-copy h2{font-size:46px}.editorial-statement{gap:40px}.editorial-statement>p{font-size:42px}.article-layout{gap:35px;grid-template-columns:180px minmax(0,1fr)}}
@media(max-width:800px){.topline{padding:8px 5%}.site-header{padding:22px 5% 16px;gap:18px;flex-wrap:wrap}.brand{font-size:26px}.site-header nav{order:3;width:100%;justify-content:space-between;gap:18px;font-size:11px;padding:7px 0;overflow-x:auto;white-space:nowrap}.site-header nav a[aria-current]::after{bottom:-5px}.search-link{margin-left:auto;border-left:0;padding-left:0}main{padding:0 5%}.masthead{padding-top:23px}.masthead-top{font-size:7px;letter-spacing:.8px}.masthead-wordmark{font-size:10.4vw;letter-spacing:-.075em;margin-top:7px;margin-bottom:10px}.masthead-bottom{font-size:7px;letter-spacing:.7px;margin-bottom:17px;padding:10px 0}.cover-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:30px}.cover-story{min-height:530px}.cover-copy h1{font-size:52px}.cover-copy{left:27px;right:27px;bottom:27px}.cover-label{left:27px;right:27px;top:24px}.editors-desk{padding:0}.editors-desk>h2{font-size:34px;margin:20px 0 0}.editors-desk>h2>br{display:none}.desk-stories{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:20px}.desk-story{gap:8px;padding:23px 0}.desk-number{font-size:18px}.desk-story h3{font-size:16px}.desk-story .eyebrow{font-size:7px}.desk-link{align-self:end;padding-top:17px;gap:40px}.topic-strip{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:13px 20px;margin-top:27px;padding:17px 0}.topic-strip-label{flex-basis:100%}.topic-strip>a{font-size:10px;flex:1 1 40%;justify-content:space-between}.journal-section{padding:45px 0}.section-heading{gap:25px;flex-direction:row;align-items:end}.section-heading h2{font-size:39px}.section-description{font-size:10px;max-width:230px}.filter-row{gap:3px}.filter{font-size:10px;padding:10px 12px}.filter-search{font-size:9px;gap:8px}.article-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:35px 22px}.art{height:230px}.article-card h3{font-size:24px}.card-meta{font-size:8px}.card-meta>span:last-child{font-size:7px}.article-card>p{font-size:11px}.workbench-visual{min-height:400px}.workbench-copy{padding:30px 9%}.workbench-copy h2{font-size:37px;letter-spacing:-1.5px}.workbench-glyph>span{width:78px;height:78px;font-size:55px}.workbench-copy .button{font-size:10px;padding:12px 14px;gap:15px}.workbench-copy p{font-size:11px}.workbench-coordinate,.workbench-caption{left:18px;font-size:7px}.privacy-note{font-size:6px}.editorial-note{padding:55px 0}.editorial-statement{grid-template-columns:1.5fr 1fr;gap:30px}.editorial-statement>p{font-size:35px;letter-spacing:-1.5px}.statement-symbol{font-size:48px}.editorial-statement>div>p{font-size:11px}.editorial-statement a{font-size:10px}.footer-top{gap:30px}.footer-brand{font-size:28px}.page-intro{padding:45px 0 35px}.page-intro h1{font-size:52px;letter-spacing:-2px}.article-layout{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:25px}.toc{position:static;border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding-bottom:15px}.toc a{display:inline-block;margin:6px 17px 6px 0}.toc .toc-calculator{display:none}.article-heading h1{font-size:48px;letter-spacing:-2px}.calculator-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:25px}}
@media(max-width:540px){.topline{font-size:8px;letter-spacing:1px;min-height:31px}.topline>a{display:none}.site-header{padding-top:20px;gap:17px}.brand{font-size:25px}.brand-mark{font-size:35px;margin-right:7px}.search-link{font-size:10px;gap:6px}.search-link svg{width:16px}.site-header nav{gap:15px;font-size:10px;padding-bottom:5px}.masthead-top{font-size:6px;letter-spacing:.6px}.masthead-top>span:last-child{display:none}.masthead-wordmark{font-size:10.3vw;margin:11px -2px 14px}.masthead-bottom{font-size:6px;letter-spacing:.4px}.masthead-bottom>a{font-size:6px}.cover-story{min-height:475px}.cover-art img{object-position:61% 50%}.cover-label{left:20px;right:20px;top:20px}.cover-label>span:last-child{font-size:7px;letter-spacing:1px}.pill{font-size:8px;padding:5px 8px}.cover-copy{left:21px;right:21px;bottom:23px}.cover-copy h1{font-size:43px;letter-spacing:-1.8px;margin-bottom:20px}.cover-summary>p{font-size:10px;line-height:1.8}.cover-summary>p>br{display:none}.cover-summary{gap:25px}.round-arrow{width:40px;height:40px;font-size:22px}.cover-kicker{font-size:7px;letter-spacing:1.5px;margin-bottom:11px}.cover-grid{gap:26px}.desk-heading .section-kicker{font-size:9px}.editors-desk>h2{font-size:32px;margin-top:20px}.desk-stories{display:block}.desk-story{gap:17px;padding:21px 0}.desk-number{font-size:24px}.desk-story h3{font-size:20px;line-height:1.2;margin-bottom:12px}.desk-story .eyebrow{font-size:8px}.desk-time{font-size:8px}.desk-link{align-self:stretch;font-size:11px;padding-top:20px}.topic-strip{gap:13px 22px}.topic-strip-label{font-size:8px}.section-heading{align-items:start;flex-direction:column;gap:18px;margin-bottom:22px}.section-heading h2{font-size:39px}.section-kicker{font-size:9px}.section-description{max-width:none;font-size:11px;margin:0}.section-description>br{display:none}.filter-row{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:2px;padding-bottom:13px;margin-bottom:25px}.filter{padding:9px 12px;font-size:9px}.filter>span{font-size:7px}.filter-search{display:none}.article-grid,.related .article-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:33px}.art{height:235px}.article-card h3{font-size:28px;line-height:1.12;letter-spacing:-1px}.card-meta{font-size:9px;margin-top:17px}.card-meta>span:last-child{font-size:8px}.article-card>p{font-size:12px;line-height:1.8;margin-bottom:20px}.card-bottom{font-size:10px}.workbench-feature{grid-template-columns:1fr}.workbench-visual{min-height:300px}.workbench-glyph>span{width:83px;height:83px;font-size:58px}.workbench-coordinate,.workbench-caption{left:22px;font-size:8px}.workbench-copy{padding:31px 27px 37px}.workbench-copy h2{font-size:49px;letter-spacing:-2px;margin:18px 0}.workbench-copy p{font-size:12px;margin-bottom:24px}.workbench-copy .button{font-size:11px;padding:14px 19px;gap:30px}.privacy-note{font-size:7px}.editorial-statement{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:30px}.editorial-statement>p{font-size:37px;letter-spacing:-1.6px}.editorial-statement>div{display:grid;grid-template-columns:54px 1fr;column-gap:20px;max-width:none}.statement-symbol{font-size:54px;grid-row:1/3}.editorial-statement>div>p{margin:0 0 17px;font-size:11px}.editorial-statement a{font-size:10px}.editorial-note{padding:45px 0 50px}.footer-top{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:26px}.footer-top>div:first-child{grid-column:1/-1}.footer-brand{font-size:33px}.footer-top p{font-size:12px}.footer-top .eyebrow{font-size:9px}.footer-top>div>a:not(.footer-brand){font-size:12px}.footer-bottom{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:12px;font-size:8px;margin-top:30px}.footer-bottom>span:nth-child(2){display:none}.page-intro{padding:35px 0 28px}.page-intro h1{font-size:44px;letter-spacing:-2px}.page-intro>p{font-size:14px}.article-heading h1{font-size:39px;letter-spacing:-1.7px}.dek{font-size:16px;line-height:1.75}.article-byline{gap:13px;font-size:9px;padding:16px 0}.article-body{font-size:15px;line-height:1.95}.article-body h2{font-size:27px}.toc a{font-size:10px}.search-box{flex-direction:column}.search-box input{padding:13px;font-size:13px}.search-box .button{align-self:start}.scenarios{grid-template-columns:1fr}.cost-form{padding:20px}.form-heading h2{font-size:26px}.cost-result{padding:26px}.cost-result h2{font-size:33px}.result-row output{font-size:36px}.calculator-layout{margin-bottom:45px}}
@media(max-width:360px){.site-header nav{font-size:9px;gap:10px}.cover-copy h1{font-size:37px}.cover-story{min-height:450px}.cover-summary{gap:15px}.cover-summary>p{font-size:9px}.section-heading h2{font-size:35px}.filter{padding:9px 10px}.workbench-copy h2{font-size:43px}.editorial-statement>p{font-size:32px}.article-heading h1{font-size:34px}.page-intro h1{font-size:39px}}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){*,*::before,*::after{transition:none!important;animation:none!important}}
@media print{body{background:white;color:black}.article-layout{display:block}.article-heading h1{font-size:28pt}.article-body{font-size:11pt}.article-body a{color:black}}

/* Archive, reading utilities, and the practical toolkit extend the accepted design. */
.archive-links{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:12px 26px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:22px;margin-top:32px;font-size:12px;font-weight:600}.archive-links a{min-height:32px;display:inline-flex;align-items:center}.archive-links [aria-current]{color:#a62d0f;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:6px}.pagination{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);margin-top:42px;padding-top:25px;font-size:12px}.pagination a{min-height:44px;min-width:44px;display:grid;place-items:center;padding:8px 12px;border:1px solid var(--line)}.pagination [aria-current]{background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper);border-color:var(--ink)}.breadcrumbs{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px;color:var(--muted);font-size:11px;margin:0 0 32px}.breadcrumbs a{min-height:28px;display:inline-flex;align-items:center}.breadcrumbs>span{display:inline-flex;align-items:center}.story{min-width:0}.article-byline a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.reading-tool{padding:24px 28px;background:#eaeae2;border-left:3px solid var(--orange);margin:36px 0}.reading-tool h2{font-size:25px;margin:12px 0}.reading-tool p{font-size:13px;line-height:1.8}.reading-tool .resource-format{font-size:10px;margin:12px 0 0;color:var(--muted)}.toolkit-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:24px;margin-bottom:32px}.toolkit-card{border:1px solid var(--line);padding:32px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:start;min-width:0}.toolkit-card .eyebrow{color:#a62d0f;font-size:9px}.toolkit-card h2{font-family:var(--display);font-size:30px;line-height:1.2;letter-spacing:-1px;font-weight:500;margin:18px 0 12px}.toolkit-card p{font-size:13px;color:var(--muted);margin:0 0 28px;line-height:1.9}.toolkit-card .button{margin-top:auto}.toolkit-guide{font-size:12px;margin-top:20px;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:5px}.toolkit-note{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);max-width:760px;line-height:1.9;margin:0 0 70px}.card-bottom>time{color:var(--muted)}.cover-summary>p{max-width:390px}.article-body,.article-card h3,.toolkit-card h2{overflow-wrap:break-word}
@media(max-width:540px){.toolkit-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}.toolkit-card{padding:24px}.toolkit-card h2{font-size:27px}.reading-tool{padding:20px}.reading-tool h2{font-size:24px}.archive-links{gap:8px 20px;font-size:11px}.breadcrumbs{font-size:10px;gap:8px}.cover-summary{gap:14px}}
@media print{.reading-tool,.breadcrumbs{display:none}.story .article-heading,.story .article-body{max-width:none}.story .sources a::after{content:' (' attr(href) ')';font-size:9pt;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.story section{break-inside:auto}.story h2{break-after:avoid}.story tr{break-inside:avoid}}

/* v3 — a more legible journal, retaining the approved visual identity. */
@media screen {
  :root { --muted: #5b5f55; --line: #d6d8ce; --orange: #cf3510; }
  body { font-size: 16px; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }
  .topline { min-height: 36px; font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: 1.1px; }
  .topline > a { font-size: 11px; }
  .site-header { padding-top: 17px; padding-bottom: 17px; gap: 26px; }
  .site-header nav { font-size: 13px; gap: 25px; }
  .site-header nav a { min-height: 44px; display: inline-flex; align-items: center; }
  .site-header nav a[aria-current]::after { bottom: 0; }
  .search-link { min-height: 44px; font-size: 13px; }
  a:focus-visible, button:focus-visible, input:focus-visible, [tabindex]:focus-visible {
    outline: 2px solid var(--orange); outline-offset: 4px;
  }
  .masthead { padding-top: 24px; }
  .masthead-top, .masthead-bottom { font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: .9px; }
  .masthead-wordmark { font-size: clamp(60px, 9.5vw, 146px); line-height: 1.13; margin-top: 6px; margin-bottom: 16px; }
  .masthead-bottom { margin-bottom: 26px; padding: 15px 0; }
  .cover-grid { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 2fr) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 32px; }
  .cover-story { min-height: 540px; }
  .cover-art { aspect-ratio: auto; width: 100%; }
  .cover-story::after {
    background: linear-gradient(0deg, #0c0e0ef5 0%, #0c0e0e9c 34%, #0c0e0e08 78%),
                linear-gradient(90deg, #0c0e0e94 0%, transparent 80%);
  }
  .cover-copy { left: 32px; right: 32px; bottom: 30px; }
  .cover-copy h1 { font-size: clamp(40px, 3.8vw, 60px); line-height: 1.05; letter-spacing: -.045em; margin-bottom: 20px; }
  .cover-kicker { font-size: 11px; letter-spacing: 1.3px; }
  .cover-summary > p { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.7; max-width: 440px; }
  .cover-label > span:last-child, .pill { font-size: 10px; }
  .section-kicker { font-size: 11px; letter-spacing: 1.2px; }
  .editors-desk > h2 { font-size: 35px; line-height: 1.07; margin: 17px 0 4px; }
  .desk-story { gap: 16px; padding: 16px 0; }
  .desk-story h3 { font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 6px 0 10px; }
  .desk-story .eyebrow { font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: 1px; }
  .desk-time { font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: .4px; }
  .desk-number { color: #767b6e; font-size: 23px; }
  .desk-link { min-height: 48px; padding-top: 16px; font-size: 13px; }

  .topic-strip { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 0; padding: 0; margin-top: 34px; border-color: var(--ink); }
  .topic-strip-heading { grid-column: 1 / -1; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 20px; padding: 18px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .topic-strip-heading .section-kicker { color: var(--orange); }
  .topic-strip-heading > span:last-child { color: var(--muted); font-size: 12px; }
  .topic-strip > a { position: relative; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 22px minmax(0, 1fr) 16px; gap: 12px; padding: 24px 20px; align-items: start; font-size: 14px; transition: background .18s; }
  .topic-strip > a + a { border-left: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .topic-strip > a:first-of-type { padding-left: 0; }
  .topic-strip > a:last-child { padding-right: 0; }
  .topic-strip .topic-number { color: var(--orange); font-size: 11px; padding-top: 3px; }
  .topic-copy { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 9px; }
  .topic-copy strong { font-size: 15px; font-weight: 650; line-height: 1.35; color: var(--ink); }
  .topic-copy small { font-size: 12px; color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.6; }
  .topic-strip .topic-arrow { color: var(--ink); font-size: 17px; }
  .topic-strip > a:hover { background: #eaece3; text-decoration: none; }

  .journal-section { padding-top: 64px; padding-bottom: 60px; }
  .section-heading { align-items: end; margin-bottom: 28px; }
  .section-heading h2 { font-size: clamp(36px, 3.5vw, 48px); line-height: 1.08; letter-spacing: -.04em; }
  .section-description { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.75; }
  .filter-row { gap: 6px; padding-bottom: 16px; }
  .filter { font-size: 13px; min-height: 44px; padding: 11px 17px; }
  .filter > span { font-size: 10px; }
  .filter-search { font-size: 13px; min-height: 44px; }
  .article-grid { gap: 38px 28px; }
  .article-card { display: flex; flex-direction: column; min-width: 0; }
  .article-card[hidden] { display: none; }
  .card-art-link { overflow: hidden; }
  .art { height: auto; aspect-ratio: 1.65; }
  .card-meta { margin-top: 19px; margin-bottom: 13px; font-size: 11px; letter-spacing: .75px; }
  .card-meta > span:last-child { font-size: 10px; }
  .article-card h3 { font-size: 27px; line-height: 1.17; letter-spacing: -.035em; margin-bottom: 14px; }
  .article-card > p { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.8; margin-bottom: 22px; }
  .card-bottom { font-size: 11px; margin-top: auto; padding-top: 15px; align-items: center; }
  .card-bottom > a { min-height: 32px; display: inline-flex; align-items: center; }
  .archive-links { font-size: 13px; gap: 12px 30px; padding-top: 20px; }
  .archive-links a { min-height: 44px; }
  .workbench-copy { padding: 44px 11%; }
  .workbench-copy p { font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; }
  .workbench-copy > .section-kicker { font-size: 11px; }
  .workbench-copy h2 { font-size: clamp(38px, 4vw, 56px); letter-spacing: -.045em; }
  .button { font-size: 13px; }
  .privacy-note { font-size: 10px; line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: .7px; }
  .editorial-note { padding-top: 60px; padding-bottom: 65px; }
  .editorial-note > .section-kicker { font-size: 11px; }
  .editorial-statement > div { max-width: 340px; }
  .editorial-statement > div > p { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.8; }
  .editorial-statement a { font-size: 13px; min-height: 40px; align-items: center; }
  .footer-top p, .footer-top > div > a:not(.footer-brand) { font-size: 14px; }
  .footer-top > div > a:not(.footer-brand) { min-height: 32px; margin: 4px 0; padding: 4px 0; }
  .footer-top .eyebrow { font-size: 11px; }
  .footer-bottom { font-size: 11px; }

  /* Comfortable reading widths and meaningful labels on article/tool pages. */
  .story { max-width: 1160px; margin-inline: auto; }
  .article-heading { max-width: 1000px; padding-top: 36px; }
  .breadcrumbs { font-size: 12px; }
  .article-heading > .eyebrow { font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 1px; }
  .article-heading h1 { font-size: clamp(38px, 4.6vw, 68px); line-height: 1.08; letter-spacing: -.04em; }
  .dek { font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.7; }
  .article-byline { font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.7; padding: 20px 0; }
  .article-layout { grid-template-columns: 220px minmax(0, 740px); gap: 58px; }
  .toc > .eyebrow { font-size: 11px; }
  .toc a { font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.7; padding: 7px 0; }
  .article-body { font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.9; }
  .article-body h2 { font-size: 31px; line-height: 1.25; letter-spacing: -.025em; margin-top: 38px; }
  .article-body section { scroll-margin-top: 28px; }
  .article-body .sources { font-size: 15px; }
  .reading-tool p, .reading-tool .resource-format { font-size: 13px; }
  .reading-tool .eyebrow { font-size: 11px; }
  .page-intro > .eyebrow { font-size: 12px; }
  .form-help, .cost-form label { font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.7; }
  .cost-form input { font-size: 16px; min-height: 46px; }
  .form-heading .pill { font-size: 10px; }
  .result-details p, #cost-difference { font-size: 14px; }
  .result-details h3 { font-size: 13px; }
  .toolkit-card .eyebrow { font-size: 11px; }
  .toolkit-card p, .toolkit-note { font-size: 14px; }
  .toolkit-guide { font-size: 13px; min-height: 32px; display: inline-flex; align-items: center; }
}
@media screen and (min-width: 1150px) {
  .editorial-home .journal-section .article-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
}
@media screen and (max-width: 1100px) {
  .site-header { flex-wrap: wrap; row-gap: 10px; }
  .site-header nav { order: 3; width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; white-space: nowrap; padding: 3px 3px; gap: 28px; }
  .search-link { margin-left: auto; }
  .cover-grid { gap: 25px; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.65fr) minmax(0, 1fr); }
  .cover-copy { left: 25px; right: 25px; }
  .cover-copy h1 { font-size: 42px; }
  .editors-desk > h2 { font-size: 32px; }
  .desk-story h3 { font-size: 19px; }
  .topic-strip { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
  .topic-strip > a { padding: 22px; }
  .topic-strip > a:first-of-type { padding-left: 22px; }
  .topic-strip > a:last-child { padding-right: 22px; }
  .topic-strip > a:nth-of-type(3) { border-left: 0; }
  .topic-strip > a:nth-of-type(n+3) { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .article-layout { grid-template-columns: 190px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 32px; }
}
@media screen and (max-width: 850px) {
  .cover-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .cover-story { min-height: 560px; }
  .cover-copy h1 { font-size: clamp(40px, 6.5vw, 58px); }
  .editors-desk > h2 { font-size: 34px; }
  .desk-stories { gap: 24px; }
  .desk-story h3 { font-size: 19px; }
  .desk-story .eyebrow { font-size: 10px; }
  .section-description { max-width: 250px; }
  .article-layout { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 25px; }
  .toc a { display: inline-block; margin: 3px 16px 3px 0; }
  .article-heading h1 { font-size: clamp(38px, 6vw, 54px); }
}
@media screen and (max-width: 540px) {
  .topline { font-size: 10px; min-height: 32px; letter-spacing: .8px; }
  .site-header { padding-top: 18px; padding-bottom: 10px; }
  .site-header nav { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr)); font-size: 13px; gap: 0 12px; white-space: normal; overflow: visible; }
  .site-header nav a { line-height: 1.35; }
  .search-link { width: 44px; justify-content: center; padding: 0; }
  .search-link svg { width: 19px; height: 19px; }
  .masthead { padding-top: 24px; }
  .masthead-top { font-size: 9px; letter-spacing: .4px; }
  .masthead-wordmark { font-size: 10.15vw; margin: 15px -1px 18px; }
  .masthead-bottom { font-size: 9px; letter-spacing: .3px; padding: 13px 0; margin-bottom: 22px; }
  .masthead-bottom > a { display: none; }
  .cover-story { min-height: 480px; }
  .cover-label { left: 22px; right: 22px; top: 22px; gap: 12px; }
  .cover-label > span:last-child { font-size: 9px; letter-spacing: .8px; }
  .cover-copy { left: 22px; right: 22px; bottom: 24px; }
  .cover-copy h1 { font-size: clamp(30px, 8.4vw, 44px); line-height: 1.1; letter-spacing: -.035em; margin-bottom: 18px; }
  .cover-kicker { font-size: 10px; margin-bottom: 12px; letter-spacing: .9px; }
  .cover-summary { gap: 15px; align-items: end; }
  .cover-summary > p { font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.7; }
  .round-arrow { width: 44px; height: 44px; }
  .desk-heading .section-kicker { font-size: 11px; }
  .editors-desk > h2 { font-size: 32px; margin-top: 19px; }
  .desk-story { padding: 21px 0; gap: 16px; }
  .desk-story h3 { font-size: 21px; }
  .desk-time { font-size: 11px; }
  .desk-link { font-size: 13px; }
  .topic-strip { margin-top: 28px; }
  .topic-strip-heading { align-items: start; flex-direction: column; gap: 7px; padding: 17px 0; }
  .topic-strip-heading .section-kicker { font-size: 10px; }
  .topic-strip-heading > span:last-child { font-size: 12px; }
  .topic-strip > a, .topic-strip > a:first-of-type, .topic-strip > a:last-child { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 16px; gap: 8px; padding: 19px 14px; }
  .topic-strip .topic-number { display: none; }
  .topic-copy strong { font-size: 14px; }
  .topic-copy small { font-size: 12px; }
  .topic-strip .topic-arrow { font-size: 16px; }
  .journal-section { padding-top: 45px; padding-bottom: 45px; }
  .section-heading { gap: 16px; align-items: start; }
  .section-heading h2 { font-size: 38px; }
  .section-description { max-width: none; font-size: 14px; }
  .section-kicker { font-size: 11px; }
  .filter-row { gap: 4px; }
  .filter { padding: 10px 12px; font-size: 12px; }
  .filter > span { font-size: 10px; }
  .article-grid { gap: 34px; }
  .art { height: auto; aspect-ratio: 1.55; }
  .card-meta, .card-meta > span:last-child { font-size: 11px; }
  .article-card h3 { font-size: 27px; }
  .article-card > p { font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.75; }
  .card-bottom { font-size: 12px; }
  .card-bottom > a { min-height: 44px; }
  .archive-links { font-size: 13px; gap: 4px 18px; }
  .workbench-visual { min-height: 250px; }
  .workbench-coordinate, .workbench-caption { font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: .5px; }
  .workbench-copy { padding: 32px 25px 36px; }
  .workbench-copy h2 { font-size: 45px; }
  .workbench-copy p { font-size: 15px; }
  .workbench-copy .button { font-size: 13px; }
  .privacy-note { font-size: 10px; }
  .editorial-note { padding-top: 45px; padding-bottom: 45px; }
  .editorial-statement > p { font-size: 36px; }
  .editorial-statement > div > p { font-size: 14px; }
  .editorial-statement a { font-size: 13px; }
  .footer-top > div > a:not(.footer-brand) { min-height: 42px; }
  .footer-top p { font-size: 14px; }
  .footer-top .eyebrow { font-size: 11px; }
  .footer-bottom { font-size: 11px; align-items: center; }
  .footer-bottom > a { min-height: 44px; display: inline-flex; align-items: center; }
  .article-heading { padding-top: 24px; }
  .article-heading h1 { font-size: 38px; }
  .dek { font-size: 18px; }
  .article-byline { font-size: 12px; gap: 10px 18px; }
  .article-body { font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.85; }
  .article-body h2 { font-size: 28px; }
  .toc a { font-size: 13px; }
  .toolkit-card p, .toolkit-note { font-size: 15px; }
  .toolkit-card .eyebrow { font-size: 11px; }
  .page-intro > p { font-size: 16px; }
  .search-box input { font-size: 16px; }
}
@media screen and (max-width: 360px) {
  .topic-strip > a, .topic-strip > a:first-of-type, .topic-strip > a:last-child { padding: 17px 10px; }
  .topic-copy strong { font-size: 13px; }
  .cover-label > span:last-child { display: none; }
  .cover-story { min-height: 470px; }
  .filter { padding-inline: 9px; font-size: 11px; }
  .cover-summary { gap: 10px; }
  .cover-summary > p { font-size: 13px; }
  .workbench-copy h2 { font-size: 40px; }
  .editorial-statement > p { font-size: 32px; }
}
@media screen and (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .topic-strip > a { transition: none; }
}

/* Generated ML identity. The icon carries no text; the adjacent wordmark stays HTML. */
.brand { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; }
.brand-symbol { width: 44px; height: 44px; object-fit: contain; flex-shrink: 0; margin-right: 10px; }
.masthead-symbol { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; width: .88em; height: .88em; flex-shrink: 0; margin-inline: .14em; }
.masthead-symbol img { display: block; width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: contain; }
.statement-symbol { display: block; width: 64px; height: 64px; object-fit: contain; }
.footer-brand { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 12px; }
.footer-symbol { display: inline-flex; width: 52px; height: 52px; flex-shrink: 0; background: var(--paper); }
.footer-symbol img { display: block; width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: contain; }
.publisher-feature { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.3fr 1fr; gap: 56px; padding: 48px; margin: 0 0 48px; border-top: 3px solid var(--orange); background: #eaece3; }
.publisher-intro > .section-kicker { color: #a52c0e; }
.publisher-intro h2 { font-family: var(--display); font-size: clamp(32px, 3.1vw, 45px); line-height: 1.1; letter-spacing: -.04em; font-weight: 500; margin: 24px 0 20px; }
.publisher-intro > p { max-width: 570px; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0 0 16px; }
.publisher-intro > .publisher-disclosure { font-size: 12px; color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: 0; }
.publisher-action { padding-left: 36px; border-left: 1px solid #bfc4b6; align-self: center; }
.publisher-name { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; gap: 20px; font-family: var(--display); font-size: 29px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: -.8px; }
.publisher-name > span { color: var(--orange); font-size: 26px; }
.publisher-action ul { margin: 22px 0 24px; padding-left: 20px; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.8; }
.publisher-action li + li { margin-top: 7px; }
.publisher-action .button { background: var(--ink); color: white; }
.publisher-action .button:hover { background: var(--orange); }
.publisher-terms { font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.7; color: var(--muted); margin: 16px 0 0; max-width: 380px; }
.footer-publisher-note { display: block; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.7; color: #b1b3a8; margin-top: 4px; }
@media screen and (max-width: 850px) {
  .publisher-feature { gap: 32px; padding: 32px; grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .publisher-action { padding: 26px 0 0; border-left: 0; border-top: 1px solid #bfc4b6; }
}
@media screen and (max-width: 540px) {
  .brand-symbol { width: 38px; height: 38px; margin-right: 8px; }
  .masthead-symbol { width: .9em; height: .9em; margin-inline: .08em; }
  .statement-symbol { width: 48px; height: 48px; }
  .footer-symbol { width: 44px; height: 44px; }
  .footer-brand { font-size: 29px; gap: 9px; }
  .publisher-feature { padding: 27px 22px; margin-bottom: 36px; gap: 26px; }
  .publisher-intro h2 { font-size: 35px; }
  .publisher-intro > p { font-size: 15px; }
  .publisher-action .button { width: 100%; justify-content: space-between; gap: 15px; }
  .publisher-name { font-size: 28px; }
}